农村人力资本现状及成因分析

An Analysis of Human Capital Status Quo and Causes in Rural Area

中国农村人力资本积累起点低,农业从业人员大部分是小学和初中文化程度的劳动者。后续的人力资本投资又存在着一系列的问题。农村劳动力医疗保健投资少且主要投资在疾病治疗上;农村劳动力培训投资少,人力资本积累不足,农民增收后劲乏力。造成农村人力资本现状的原因是多方面的。一方面,政府对农村人力资本投资没有足够的重视,财政投入少;农村劳动力培训本身存在着一系列的问题。另一方面,农民收入有限,特别是农民思想观念陈旧、落后,跟不上时代的发展。

Human capital in China＇s rural area was accumulated from so low a starting point that most of the labor force in agriculture get through primary school or middle school only.Meanwhile,subsequent human capital investment is caught in a series of problems.Investment for medical care with labor force in rural area as beneficiary is poor,what makes it worse is that such poor investment has to be heavily focused on medical treatment;little investment on labor training in rural area makes human capital accumulation lag far behind, thus it is more and more difficult for farmers to increase their incomes continuously.Causes that brought human capital status quo come into being are of many aspects.On one hand,government didn＇ t pay enough attention to the investment on human capital in rural area so that fiscal expenditure on human capital is of small volume; Labor training in rural area itself is a problem.On the other hand,poor income,especially out-dated concepts of farmers discourage them to catch up with the development of the times.