茶渣有机无机活性肥改良大棚葡萄土壤初步研究

Preliminary Study on Improving Soil of Old Grape Garden in Plastic Greenhouses with Tea Dregs Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer Including Activity Microbe

以连作10年以上大棚栽培老葡萄为试材,采用茶渣有机无机活性肥(简称茶渣肥,TF,下同)改良土壤,结果表明:施用茶渣肥,大棚葡萄着色早,早熟1～2天,在一定程度上有减轻病虫害发生趋势,提高葡萄外观品质;可溶性固形物与茶渣肥施用量呈明显正相关;果肉的硬度、黏度与茶渣肥施用量关系则呈抛物线变化;在控制葡萄果穗数量的前提下,增施茶渣肥能增加果穗、果粒重量,从而增加产量和收益。从大棚葡萄产量性状、品质性状及经济角度综合考虑,大棚葡萄以茶渣肥施用量2250kg/hm2为最佳施肥数量。

It was used to improved soil for culture of the old grapes more than 10 years in plastic greenhouses with the tea dregs organic and inorganic fertilizer including activity microbe（simple name Tea dregs Fertilizer,TF,the same below）.The results showed that the grape color up as early as 1-2 days than general fertilizer methods（as Check）with TF.There was a trends of reduce in diseases and pests,and improving in the appearance quality of grapes.The soluble solid of greenhouse grape was positively correlated with TF content and pulp hardness,viscosity was almost parabola correlated with TF contents.It can increase weight of grape ear and grains,and thus increase yields and income under the premise of ear number in grapes.It is the best amount of fertilizer using 2 250 kg/hm2according to the production traits,quality traits and economic factors of the greenhouse grape.