空间搭载对云南两个粳稻软米品系千粒重和粒形产生的影响

STUDY ON VARIATION OF 1000-GRAIN WEIGHT AND GRAIN SHAPE OF TWO Japonica SOFT RICE LINES INDUCED BY SPACE FLIGHT

为选育软米高千粒重的新种质材料,利用＂实践八号＂航天育种卫星搭载2个云南粳稻软米品系云粳20号和H559种子,进行15d诱变处理,对SP3种子千粒重及其粒型诱变效果进行分析。结果表明,2个供试品系空间诱变后的千粒重和粒形发生了有益变异,云粳20号千粒重突变频率为11.7%,H559千粒重突变频率为10%,变异幅度分别为20.66-28.28g和20.78-28.34g,与对照相差最大为6g以上;云粳20号粒长突变频率为15%,H559突变频率为12%,变异幅度分别为5.1-7.6 mm和5.0-7.5 mm,与对照相差最大为2.4mm;云粳20号粒宽突变频率为13.5%,H559突变频率为10%,变异幅度分别为2.9-3.9 mm和2.9-3.7 mm,与对照相差最大为0.4mm;进一步分析表明,千粒重与粒长和粒宽成显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.44和0.49。航天诱变导致了千粒重和粒形性状变异,出现了高千粒重软米新材料。

Dry seeds of two soft rice cultivars,Yunjing 20 and H559,were carried out for mutagenesis by space flight for 15d.The mutagenic effects of SP_3 generation on 1000-grain weight and grain shape were analyzed.The range of 1000-grain weight was 20.66~28.28g and 20.78~28.34g with a mutagenic rate of 11.7% and 10% for Yunjing 20 and H559,respectively.Variation range of grain length was 5.1～7.6mm and 5.0~7.5 mm,mutagenic rate was 15% and 12%,respectively.Variation range of grain width was 2.9～3.9 mm and 2.9~3.7 mm,mutagenic rate was 13.5% and 10% respectively.It was further analyzed that 1000-grain weight was notable positive correlation with both grain length and grain width,coefficient were respectively 0.44 and 0.49.So the changes of 1000-grain weight and grain shape were induced by space mutation,and new materials of high 1000-grain weight were obtained.