重庆市某区道路交通事故流行病学分析

Study on the distribution of traffic accident in a certain district of Chongqing

目的探讨城市发展新区道路交通事故（简称事故）的分布特征,区域性事故预防和控制研究奠定基础。方法对重庆市道路交通管理局收集2000-2006年的事故登记信息,以流行病学方法进行资料整理,分析描述近年来重庆市城市发展新区（以某区为例）事故发生的现状及分布规律。结果2000-2006年,重庆市某区共发生事故13 685起,其中一般及轻微事故13 170起,重大事故515起。7年间,从事故的时间分布特征看,一般及轻微事故年均发生1 881起,其中2000年、2001年和2005年发生均在1 600起以下,2003年、2004年和2006年发生均超过2 000起,2004年事故最高,为2 102起,占总数的15.96%;月均事故发生为157起,其中1月、7月和11月为事故的高发期;每月的下旬事故有下降趋势;每周星期六发生事故次数最多,周三最低;单日事故发生最高分别是每月的1号和14号;每日24小时事故中,一般从早上7点开始逐渐上升,11点达高峰,以后逐渐下降;白天的事故发生案例明显高于晚上。重大事故的分布特点与一般及轻微事故有一定区别,主要体现在从2002年后发生开始下降,至2006年一直稳定在年60起左右;每年5月、9月和11月和每周的星期三和周四为高发时间;每日以上午10点左右最高,下午在4点左右次高。结论2000-2006年某区事故发生维持在较高的水平,重大事故发生有降低趋势;事故的发生在时间分布上有明显的特征,但一般及轻微事故与重大事故的分布特征有一定的差别,相关分析信息可作为制定交通事故控制措施的参考依据。

Objective By analyzing the distribution of traffic accident in a new developed region of Chongqing,so as to offer scientific reference to traffic accident prevention.Methods The registration data were collected from the transportation administration bureau of Chongqing.The epidemiologic method was used to study the regularity and distribution characteristics of traffic accident.Results During 2000-2006,there were 13685 traffic accidents happened in Ba＇nan district of Chongqing,including 515 major accidents,13170 minor accidents.During the seven years,there were 1881 minor accidents per day.At years of 2000,2001,2005,there were less than 1600 minor accidents,while at years of 2003,2004,2006,more than 2000 minor accidents.In 2004,the number of accidents was highest,causing 2102 accidents,accounting for 15.96%.Averagely,the traffic accidents were 1098 per month.January,July,November,Saturday,the first day and fourteenth day in a month and 11 o＇clock in the morning were the peak periods of minor traffic accidents respectively.The time distribution of major traffic accident was not consistent with the minor traffic accidents completely.The number of major accidents decreased from 2002,stabilizing 60 accidents.May,September,November,Wednesday,Thursday,ten o＇clock in the morning,four o＇clock in the afternoon were the peak periods of major accidents respectively.Conclusion The status of traffic accident in Ba＇nan district should be paid more attention.The distribution characteristic is special and the data are valuable to make further strategy and measure for traffic accidents control.