北部湾江洪扇贝养殖区的污损生物

Fouling Organisms in Jianghong Scallop Culture Area of the Beibu Gulf

2006年8月至2007年7月,对北部湾江洪扇贝养殖区的污损生物进行周年调查。结果表明:该海区养殖网笼的污损生物有8门20种,优势种为藤壶、钩虾、苔藓虫,其次是翡翠贻贝、牡蛎、海鞘、大型藻类和水螅。污损生物附着高峰在8、11和12月,1月的附着数量最少;藤壶附着高峰在8、11和12月,附着生物量占污损生物总量的56.0%,是养殖区污损生物防除的重点对象;钩虾附着高峰出现在8、9月,12和2月附着量也较高,其生物量占污损生物总量的18.0%;草苔虫附着高峰出现在4月,其生物量占污损生物总量的8.4%。污损生物附着量呈现由表层向底层递减的趋势。

From August, 2006 to July, 2007, an annual survey of marine fouling organisms was conducted in Jianghong scallop culture area of the Beibu Gulf. The results showed that a total of 20 species （ 8 phylums ） of fouling organisms were identified. The dominant species were acorn bamacles, gammarus and bryozoans, followed by mussel Perna viridis, oysters, ascidians, algae and hydroids. The attachment of fouling organism attained to the peak on scallop net cages in August, November and December, respectively, and the least occurred in January. The acorn barnacles accounted for 56% of the total biomass of fouling organisms, and the peak time of its settlement was in August, November and December, respectively. In addition, gammarus mainly occurred in August and September, followed by February and December, and the percentage biomass was 18.0%. The settlement peak of bryozoans was in April, and they occupied 8.4% of the total biomass. The lastly, the fouling biomass presented a decreasing trend with depths.