凡纳滨对虾不同生长阶段食物组成结构的研究

Investigation on the Litopenaeus vannamei Diet Composition During Different Growth Phases

利用稳定同位素碳比率δ13C作为天然示踪物,对高位养殖池生态系统中人工饲料和天然饵料提供的能源物质对养殖凡纳滨对虾生长的贡献比率进行研究。结果表明:虾体的δ13C值受食物δ13C值的影响,由于其摄食饵料的δ13C值逐渐减小,虾体的δ13C值也逐渐降低,逐渐接近于最后人工饲料的δ13C值,试验虾体的δ13C值由养殖开始时的-19.52‰±0.09‰变为实验结束时的-21.74‰±0.17‰;对虾的食性在10d左右时发生转变,34d左右时人工饲料和浮游动物对虾体的能量贡献基本相同,养殖结束时对虾生长能量的97.29%±0.98%来源于人工饲料。

Stable carbon isotope ratios （δ13C） were used to estimate the relative contributions of natural food and formulated diet to growth of Litopenaeus vannamei cultured in higher-altitude ponds. The results show that the δ13C values of shrimp are affected by food with different δ13C values, it reduced slowly and gradually became similar to the δ13C value of formulated diet, from the beginning the δ13C values of shrimp was -19.52‰ ± 0.09‰ and to the end it became -21.74‰± 0.17‰; after they were cultured about 10 d, the diet of shrimp was changed and when it was cultured about 34 d, the formulated diet and zooplankton provide almost equal growth energy. At the end of the culture, about 97.29±0.98% of the growth energy of shrimp came from the formulated diet.