流动儿童自我效能感与领悟社会支持及孤独关系研究

Relationship Among Migrant Children's Self-efficacy,Perceived Social Support and Loneliness

目的探讨流动儿童自我效能感与领悟社会支持及孤独感之间的关系,为开展心理健康教育提供理论依据和现实指导。方法使用自我效能感量表、领悟社会支持量表和儿童孤独量表,对合肥市601名小学四～六年级儿童(流动儿童309名,非流动儿童292名)进行测查。结果流动儿童的孤独感显著高于非流动儿童;自我效能感显著低于非流动儿童;流动儿童孤独与自我效能感、领悟社会支持之间存在显著负相关;自我效能感在领悟社会支持与孤独间起着部分中介作用,其中介效应占总效应的36.15%。结论提高流动儿童对社会支持的主观感知能力,提高其自我效能感水平,有利于促进流动儿童孤独感的降低。

Objective To explore relationship among migrant children＇s self-efficacy ; perceived social support and loneliness, and to provide theory evidence. Methods By using General Self-Efficacy Scale { GSEC ） , Perceived Social Support Scale （ PSSS } and Child Loneliness Scale （ CLS）, 601 primary school students from grade four to grade six in Hefei （ 309 migrant children and 292 stay children } were surveyed. Results Migrant ehildren＇s loneliness was significantly higher than stay children, and their self-efficacy was significantly lower than stay children. Migrant ehil- dren＇s loneliness was negatively related to self-efficacy and perceived social support. Self-efficacy played partially mediating effect between perceived social support and loneliness, its mediating effect took up 36.15% of the total effect. Conclusion Enhancing migrant children＇s perceived social support ability and self-efficacy level is propitious to decrease their loneliness.