大学生广泛性焦虑障碍心理与药物治疗效果比较

Therapeutic Effect Comparison Between Psychotherapy and Drug Therapy on College Students With Generalized Anxiety Disorder

目的研究心理治疗与药物治疗对大学生广泛性焦虑障碍的治疗效果,为开展学生心理辅导与健康教育提供参考。方法将46例大学生广泛性焦虑障碍(GAD)患者随机分为心理治疗组和药物治疗组,每组23人。心理治疗组采用生物反馈加认知治疗,每名患者接受12次治疗,持续3个月;药物治疗组采用口服艾司唑仑药物治疗3个月。2组在治疗前后及结束治疗1 a后均采用Hamilton焦虑量表(HAMA)和SCL-90进行评定。结果2组患者治疗后焦虑程度均有明显下降。治疗结束1 a后与治疗后的SCL-90各因子比较,心理治疗组除人际敏感外,其余各项因子差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05);药物治疗组除强迫、敌对外,其余各项同治疗后相比都存在显著差异(P值均<0.05)。结束治疗1 a后心理治疗组疗效稳定,药物治疗组有明显复发现象。结论GAD心理治疗与药物治疗均有效,但心理治疗比药物治疗具有更加稳定的疗效。

Objective To study therapeutic effect of psychotherapy and drug therapy on college students with generalized anxiety disorder （ GAD）, and to provide reference for students mental counseling and health education. Methods 46 college students with GAD were randomly divided into drug therapy group （ n = 23 ） which received estazolam medicine for three months and psychotherapy group （ n = 93 ） which received biofeedback and cognitive therapy 12 times in three months. Both groups were tested before and after treating with HAMA（ Hanlihon Anxiety Scale） and SCL - 90, and it was also taken after treatment one year. Results Anxiety state of both groups decreased significantly after treatment. There was not significant differences in each factor of SCL - 90 （ P 〉 0.05 ） except interpersonal sensitivity between one year after treatment and after treatment. There were siginificant differences after treatment （P 〈 0.05 ） except force and hostile in drug therapy group. Psychotherapy group＇s effectiveness was steady one year after treatment, while drug therapy group＇s had significant change. Conclusion Both treatments are effective, but effectiveness of psychotherapy is more steady than drug therapy.