古代建筑油饰彩绘传统工艺的科学化研究

Some Scientific Information in Technical Process of Colored Drawing on Chinese Ancent Building

为了获得传统建筑彩绘工艺过程中的相关科学信息,以传统彩绘工艺过程为基础,利用光学显微镜、电子扫描显微镜、红外光谱、紫外可见光谱、动态粘弹谱、冷冻干燥、化学发光、视频接触角等手段对相关物料在传统工艺操作下的相互作用进行了系统研究。研究主要集中在揭示用于地仗制作物料的功能及其原理。研究结果表明:传统工艺蕴涵着深刻的科学内涵。用于彩绘的地仗是一个典型的复合材料,这种复合材料优越的性能来自于各物质间显著的协同作用。每种物料在其中的作用均可以利用现代科学理念给予阐释。这些理念包括聚合反应、高分子薄膜的固化作用、应力分散、网络结构以及物料相容性等。这些研究结果不仅对传统工艺的理解具有重要的意义,而且对于传统彩绘修复乃至当今复合材料研究也具有重要价值。

To obtain some scientific information in building, the interactions between some components technical process of colored drawing on Chinese ancient used in the technical process of the colored drawing on Chinese ancient building have been investigated by using various techniques including optical microscope, scanning electronic microscope, IR, Uv-Vis dynamic viscoelastometer, freeze-drying, chemiluminescence, XRD, video-based contact angle measuring. The paper focused on revealing the functions of the components used to prepare the matrix. The results indicated that the traditional technology contains the profoundly scientific connotation. The matrix used to draw painting is a composite materials, and the perfect performance on the matrix is attributed to synergistic effect between the components. The role of every component in the matrix could be explained by modem science. The findings include polymerization, curing, dispersed stress, network structure, compossibility, etc. The results from this investigation are beneficial not only to understand the traditional techniques but also to recover traditional colored drawing and to prepare new composite materials used in today.