阻塞性黄疸犬胆总管直径和压力及肝功能变化

Changes of common bile duct diameter and pressure and liver function in dogs with obstructive jaundice

目的:探讨阻塞性黄疸犬胆总管直径、压力和肝脏功能的变化规律。方法:建立犬结扎胆总管致阻塞性黄疸模型,30只犬随机分为对照组、阻塞5d组、阻塞10d组、阻塞15d组及阻塞20d组。分别测量各组实验犬胆总管直径、压力,并检测肝功能指标,包括血清总胆红素(TBIL)、直接胆红素(DBIL)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)和碱性磷酸酶(ALP)。结果:随着胆总管结扎时间的延长,胆总管压力逐渐升高,5d后达到最高峰;而阻塞期间胆总管直径则持续扩张,20d后为正常值的近10倍。血清中的ALP、TBIL、DBIL、ALT和AST水平快速升高,达到峰值后开始下降并趋于平稳,但仍高于对照组,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:犬胆总管阻塞后持续扩张且压力迅速增加,肝脏功能发生明显的损害,但肝功能指标值的高低并不能反映肝脏组织的实际损害程度。

Objective： To detect the diameter and pressure of common bile duct and the liver function in obstructive jaundice dogs. Methods： Biliary obstruction animal models were established on dogs by ligating common bile duct. Thirty dogs with obstructive jaundice through bile duct ligation （BDL）were randomly divided into 5 groups： control, BDL5, BDL10, BDL15, BDL20 group. The common bile duct diameter and pressure were measured. And the liver function indicators which include serum total bilirubin（TBIL）, direct bilirubin（DBIL）, alanine transferase（ALT）, aspartate aminotransferase（AST）and alkaline phosphatase（ALP）were measured. Results： With the extension of ligating time, the common bile duct pressure reached the highest level after 5 days. The bile duct diameter continued to expanse during the obstruction period, and the level of BDL20 were about 10 times higher than those of the control group. The ALP、TBIL、DBIL、ALT and AST levels in serum increased to the peak rapidly, and then the levels stabilized and decreased, but were still higher than that of the control group（P〈0.01）. Conclusion： Obstructive jaundice can lead to a rapid pressure increase and continuous expansion of common bile duct, and can influence the liver function.