乙肝后肝硬化患者焦虑抑郁状态及相关因素的调查分析

Investigation and analysis of anxiety and depression in patients with liver cirrhosis due to hepatitis B and its related factors

目的:探讨乙肝后肝硬化患者的焦虑抑郁水平及与相关因素的关系,以期为临床护理提供依据。方法:采用综合性医院焦虑抑郁量表(HAD)和基本资料问卷表及领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)对60例住院乙肝后肝硬化患者进行问卷调查。结果:60例患者中存在焦虑或抑郁状况的各占45%,同时伴有焦虑抑郁状况的占33%;患者的焦虑抑郁水平与经济状况、病程长短、有无并发症、有无接受健康教育以及社会支持度等因素相关;乙肝后肝硬化患者的家庭内支持度高于家庭外支持(朋友支持及其他支持)(P<0.01)。结论:肝硬化患者易发生焦虑抑郁状态,并与诸多因素有关,且患者受到的家庭内支持明显高于家庭外支持。临床护理人员应给予有效的心理支持,做好健康宣教,构建起家庭外社会支持的平台和网络,减轻患者不良心理状态。

Objective ： To study the relationship between the level of anxiety and depression in patients with liver Cirrhosis due to hepatitis B so as to provide a basis for clinical nursing care. Methods： General Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale （HAD）, the basic information questionnaire and the Perceived Social Support Scale i PSSS） were adopted to conduct a questionnaire survey on 60 hospitalized patients with cirrhosis due to hepatitis B. Results ： 45 percent of all 60 patients suffered from anxiety or depression; 33 percent of the total patients had both anxiety and depression. The level of anxiety and depression of the patients has something to do with the duration of the diseases, complication, educational background and social support; the patients got more support from the family than they did outside the family （ friends support and other support） （P 〈0.01 ）. Conclusion ： The cirrhotic patients are prone to suffering from anxiety and depression , and the support the patients get from the family were significantly much more than that outside the family. Clinical nurses should give the patients effective psyehologieal support, good health education and help them build a platform and network to get social support outside the family so that the patient＇s bad state of mind can be alleviated.