绍兴柯桥话多功能虚词“作”的语义演变--兼论太湖片吴语受益者标记来源的三种类型

The Semantic Change of Multifunction Function Word [tso■](作) in Shaoxing Keqiao Dialect

文章首先描写了绍兴柯桥话多功能虚词"作"的各种虚词用法,然后根据周围临绍小片方言的情况指出"作"是在"给与"义基础上发生语法化的,只不过"给与"义这种功能在柯桥中被"拨"替代了。基于语法化理论和语义地图理论,文章构拟了"作"的语义演变路径,并重点讨论了受益者标记到伴随者标记以及给与动词经受损者标记到处置标记和致使标记这两个语义演变。最后,文章在此基础上讨论了太湖片吴语受益者标记来源的三种类型。

The paper firstly describes the usages of the multifunctional word [tso？ ] in Shaoxing Keqiao dialect. Based on its performence in the dialects around Shaoxing, this paper considers the original function of [tso？ ] as to ＂give＂. It is in the framework of Grammatiealization and semantic map that this paper reconstructs [tso？ ] ＇s evolutional route, and focuses on analyzing the two semantic changes：beneficiary to comitative and maleficiary to pretransitive. At last, the paper divides Taihu Lake Wu group into three types by the source of beneficiary.