清代苏禄国朝贡史研究

The Research for the History of Tribute-paying of Sulu in Nanyang in the Qing Dynasty

古苏禄国与中国的交往最早可追溯至唐宋时期,明永乐十五年东、西、峒三王来朝将两国关系推向高潮,但自永乐二十二年后便断绝了朝贡往来,三百多年后,于清康熙年间复又请求朝贡。雍乾三十多年间,苏禄国仅经准许的官方朝贡就达六次之多,未经准许的朝贡与民间来往更是数不胜数。但清政府对苏禄国朝贡采取的是怀柔友好的政策以及两国朝贡往来的目的有着本质差别,即清政府重在政治需要,而苏禄国则强调经济目的。

The contact between ancient Sulu and China went back to the Tang or Song dynasty. Three kings, east king, west king and dong king paid tribute to China made the relationship of two countries climax in fifteenth year of the reign of Ming Emperor Yongle, but there were not tribute-paying after twentysecond year of the reign of Emperor Yongle. After more than three hundred years, Sulu requested paying tribute once again at the year of the reign of Qing Emperor Kangxi. More than thirty years of the reign of Qing Emperor Yongzheng and Qianlong, there were six tribute-payings of Sulu approved , and numerous tribute-payings which were not approved and nongovernmental contact. By analysing the history of tributepaying, the article shows： aimming at Sulu ,Qing government adopted a friendly policy, and the purposes of tribute-paying are very different, Qing government emphasized the need of politics, however, Sulu emphasized economic motive.