四种植物不同溶剂浸提液对黄芪根腐病致病菌的抑制

Inhibition of different solvent extracts of four kinds of plants on pathogenic bacteria of Astragalus membranaceu root rot

选择黄芩、苦豆子、苦参和洋葱四种植物为研究对象,分别用蒸馏水、70%乙醇、丙酮和乙酸乙酯四种不同溶剂进行提取。通过对菌落生长实验和最低抑菌质量浓度的测定,筛选出对黄芪根腐病两种主要致病菌有较强抑制作用的四种植物不同溶剂提取液。结果表明:不同植物的抑菌效果不同,同一种植物的不同溶剂提取液抑菌效果也不同。在所选择的四种植物中,苦参的丙酮浸提液对根腐病两种主要致病菌的抑菌效果比较显著,在质量浓度为200 g/L时的抑菌率分别为61.2%,31.2%,最低抑菌质量浓度均为6.25 g/L,且它对腐皮镰孢菌抑制的EC50仅为99.3 g/L。苦参的70%乙醇浸提液对尖镰孢菌的抑制效果也达到50%以上。

Four plants（Radix scutellariae, Sophora alopecuroides, Sophorae flavescenti and Garden onion） were selected as the investigative subjects and were extracted respectively using four different solvents： distilled water, 70% ethanol, acetone and ethyl acetate. Through the colony growing test and the minimum inhibition concentration survey, extracts from different solvents which had stronger inhibitory effect on two major pathogenic bacteria of Astragalus membranaceu root rot were screened out. The results show that different plants have different inhibitory effects and different solvent extracts from one plant also have different inhibitory effects. In the four selected plants, acetone extracts of Sophorae flavescenti have a more remarkably inhibitory effect on the two major pathogenic bacteria. Under the concentration of 200 g/L, the inhibition rate is 61.2% and 31.2% respectively, and the minimum inhibition concentration is 6.25 g/L. In addition, the inhibition EC50 of the Fusarium solani is only 99.3 g/L, and the inhibitory effect of 70% ethanol extract of Sophorae flavescenti on Fusarium oxysporum is also over 50%.