银杏种子矿质元素含量的季节变化及其与落种的关系

Annual Dynamic of Nutrient Elements in Gingko Seeds and Relations with Dropped Seed

为了揭示银杏种子生长发育对矿物质养分的需求规律，研究了不同生长发育时期银杏种子中Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ、Ｃａ、Ｍｇ等矿质营养元素含量的季节变化。结果表明，银杏种子中Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ、Ｃａ、Ｍｇ元素的含量随时间呈从高到低的规律性变化，但不同元素间变化的幅度不同，整个生长季中４月底至５月下旬和５月下旬至６月上旬银杏种子中营养元素含量变化较大。微量元素的含量变化各有其特点。同一时期正常发育种子和脱落种子中营养元素含量存在明显差异。成熟种子中８种主要营养元素含量为Ｎ１０．４ｇ／ｋｇ，Ｐ１．３ｇ／ｋｇ，Ｋ１４．９ｇ／ｋｇ，Ｃａ１．３ｇ／ｋｇ，Ｍｇ０．９ｇ／ｋｇ，Ｍｎ３．２ｍｇ／ｋｇ，Ｚｎ２７．６ｍｇ／ｋｇ，Ｆｅ１０．０ｍｇ／ｋｇ。

The contents of N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Zn、Fe、Mn in Ginkgo biloba seeds were determined and analyzed. The result shows that the annual dynamic in content of N、P、K、Ca、Mg presents a gradual decreasing trend from spring to autumn,but the decreasing range of every element is different in different growing stages of seeds. From the end of April to the middle of May and from the end of May to the beginning of June are two drastically decreasing stages in content of elements during the whole growing season. Annual contents variation of micronutrients (Zn、Fe、Mn) in seeds are various and irregular. The contents of nutrient elements between normal developmental seeds and dropped seeds are significantly different. The contents of elements in mature seeds are N:10.4 g/kg,P:1.3 g/kg,K:14.9 g/kg,Ca:1.3 g/kg,Mg:0.9 g/kg,Zn:27.6 mg/kg,Fe:10.0 mg/kg,Mn:3.2 mg/kg.The contents of N,K,Ca,Zn and Fe are higher in gingko seeds compared with those of other fruit trees.