东海三个海鞘优势种的油脂成分分析

On fatty acid composition of three major ascidians from East China Sea

不饱和脂肪酸尤其是ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸是对人类健康具有重要意义的一类成分。海鞘是一类典型的海洋污损生物,对东海3个海鞘优势种皱瘤海鞘、乳突皮海鞘和长纹海鞘的油脂类成分进行相对含量分析比较,发现乳突皮海鞘油脂中含有EPA一种ω-3 PUFA,含量为5.20%;长纹海鞘油脂中含有EPA一种ω-3PUFA和二十碳四烯酸一种ω-6 PUFA,含量分别为12.7%和3.17%;皱瘤海鞘油脂中含有EPA、DHA两种ω-3 PUFAs,含量分别为10.9%和5.74%,以及亚油酸和二十碳四烯酸两种ω-6 PUFAs,含量分别为11.6%和5.94%。与磷虾油文献数据相比较,皱瘤海鞘油脂总体质量与磷虾油相近,显示了ω-3/ω-6 PUFAs较为均衡的特点。表明皱瘤海鞘的多不饱和脂肪酸具有较好的开发利用前景。

Unsaturated fatty acids, especially ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, play an important role in human health. Ascidian is a typical marine fouling organism. A comparative analysis was carried out on the relative content of fatty acids in three major ascidian species from East China Sea, Styela plicata, Molgula manhattensis and Ascidia longistriata. Only one kind of ω-3 PUFA （EPA）, was found in the oil of M. manhattensis, with the content of 5.20%. The oil of A. longistriata contained one kind of ω-3 PUFA （EPA） and ω-6 PUFA （arachidonic acid）, with the content of 12.7% and 3. 17%, respectively. The oil of S. plicata contained two ω-3 PUFAs： EPA （10.9%） and DHA （5.74%）, and two ω-6 PUFAs： linoleic acid （11.6%） and arachidonic acid （5.94%）. Comparing with the reference data of superba oil, the oil of S. plicata showed similar quality and a more balanced content of ω-3/ω-6 PUFAs. Therefore, the polyunsaturated fatty acids of S. plicata were found to be preferable for further development and application.