1957—2006年河西走廊中部气候变化对水资源的影响

Climatic Chang and Its Impact on Water Resources in Central Hexi Corridor of Gansu Province in 1957—2006

利用河西走廊中部1957—2006年6个气象站的气候资料,对气温、降水的变化特征以及由此引起的水资源的变化进行统计分析.结果表明:年平均气温整体以0.40℃.(10a)-1的速率上升,气温偏高主要是在冬季,春、夏季变化幅度不大.降水量的变化以2.81mm.(10a)-1的速度在递增,1980年代末至1990年代前期降水量出现下降,1990年代后期又开始缓慢增加.气温升高、降水量的增加、蒸发量的减少,意味着该地区气候由暖干向暖湿转变.水资源总量、河川径流量呈缓慢上升趋势,与降水量的变化具有一致性.

Based on the climate date during 1957 2006 from six weather stations in central Hexi corridor, in this paper, the changes of water resources caused by the changes of temperature and precipitation are mainly analyzed. During the 50 years, temperature rose with an annual average rate of 0. 34. （10a）^-1, mostly in winter, rather than in spring and summer. Meanwhile precipitation increased with an average rate of 2.7 mm·（10a）^-1. From the end of the 1980s to the beginning of the 1990s, precipitation decreased, since the last of the 1990s, however, it has risen slowly. The air temperature rising, precipitation increasing and evaporation decreasing mean that climate changes from warm-dry to warm-humid, total amount of water resources and surface runoff increase while groundwater runoff decreases obviously.