新型磷酸酯两性表面活性剂的研究 Ⅰ.化合物的合成及物化性能

Study on New Amphoteric Surfactants of Phosphates Ⅰ. Syntheses and Properties

以溴代烷与乙醇胺烷基化，再与五氧化二磷酯化，合成了一系列结构为ＲＮ＋Ｈ２ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＯＰＯＯ－ＯＨ（Ｒ＝ｎＣ１０Ｈ２１、Ｃ１２Ｈ２５、Ｃ１４Ｈ２９、Ｃ１６Ｈ３３）的新型磷酸酯两性表面活性剂，它们在ｐＨ＝４５～８４范围内显示两性特征；在较宽的ｐＨ值范围（６～１０）内表面活性优良，其γＣＭＣ为２５５ｍＮ·ｍ－１，ＣＭＣ为１５１×１０－３ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１，且具有优良的泡沫和润湿性能。

A series of new amphoteric surfactants,which formula is RN[ZJS,0;Y,0]+ H 2CH 2CH 2O P[ZJLX,S;X;Y]O O - OH ,were synthesized from alkyl bromide,aminoethanol with phosphorus pentoxide.These surfactants show the zwitterionic characteristic of the pH range from 4.5 to 8.4;they appear excellent surface property(γ CMC =25.5mN·m -1 ,CMC=1.51×10 -3 mol·L -1 ),excellent foaming and wetting property over a wide pH range(6～10).