行政判决既判力本质论

On the Essence of Res Judicata of Administrative Judgment

既判力的本质是在理论上如何说明既判力的效果来自何方以及作为什么现象来对待。借鉴民事诉讼的研究成果,行政判决既判力的本质应当同时包括实体法上的确定力和程序法上的确定力。由行政判决既判力的根据所决定,实体法上的确定力是对被诉行政行为的确定力,并不直接指向行政相对人,只有程序法上的确定力才同时约束行政主体和行政相对人。为了实现行政诉讼的目的,行政判决的既判力,不仅包括对诉讼程序的确定力,而且包括对行政程序的确定力,不仅在后诉的诉讼程序中表现出来,而且原则上也适用于以后的行政程序。行政主体不仅不得在其他诉讼中提出与确定判决相反的主张,也不能在以后的行政程序中实施与产生既判力的判决相矛盾的行政行为。

The essence of res judicata is to explain where res judicata effect comes from and how it should be treated theoretically. Borrowing the search achievements in civil action, the essence of res judicata of administrative judgment should include the determinative forces of substantive law and procedural law. Determined by res judicata of administrative judgment, the determinative force of substantive law is aimed at the determinative force of the litigated administrative action instead of administrative counterpart. Only the determinative force of procedural law can restrict both administrative subject and administrative counterpart. To realize the purpose of administrative litigation, res judicata of administrative judgment should not only include the determinative force of proceeding, but also include the determinative force of administrative procedure;it should not only be presented in the later litigation procedure, but also should be applied in the following administrative procedure. Administrative subject can not make proposals opposite to the determinate sentence, nor can it carry out administrative actions conflicting with the sentence in which res judicata has been produced.