中学生应对突发公共卫生事件健康教育效果评价

Effect of Health Education About Coping with Public Emergencies on Middle School Students

目的评价中学生应对突发公共卫生事件的干预方法及效果,为进一步开展中学生应对突发公共卫生事件健康教育提供参考。方法选取通州区城镇、农村规模相当的各2所中学,分别组成城镇、农村干预组和对照组。以年级为单位,对高一、高二年级全体学生进行整群抽样,城镇、农村干预组进行不同干预活动,并于干预前、后分别对调查对象进行问卷调查。结果城镇、农村学生突发公共卫生事件知识总知晓率提高到69.4%。城镇学校食物中毒知识及其正确处理方法、预防呼吸道知识及其正确处理方法总知晓率上升超过10个百分点,农村学校2类知识及其正确处理方法总知晓率上升不足7个百分点。干预后城镇学生对传染病暴发流行时公民的责任和义务的认知好于农村学校,分别达到77.3%和65.1%,其中配合管理、调查、治疗的认知态度城镇和农村分别达到94.0%和85.5%。结论学生应对突发公共卫生事件干预活动是有效的,城镇学校干预方法优于农村学校干预方法。

Objective To evaluate the results of current interference methods on middle school students ability of dealing with public emergencies, so as to provide evidence for further education on the matter. Methods Two middle schools were chosen in town and two in the suburb, with one school in town and one in suburb as the intervention and the other two as the control. Grade 1 and grade 2 of high school students were sampled as a whole, on which different methods of interference with the same content was employed, and the same questionnaire survey was conducted both before and after the interfering activity. Results The general rate of urban and rural students knowledge on public emergencies had risen from 58.1% to 69.4%. The rate of urban school students who know of food poisoning and the respiratory infection, and how to prevent and deal with them rose from 56.2%, 60.0% to 67.2%, 71.6% respectively, while the rural students knowledge of these two matters went up from 43.8%, 54.4% to 49.8%, 55.3% respectively. After the intervention, students in town schools had a better knowledge than those in rural schools of citizen＇s responsibility when in face with infectious disease, since the former reached a rate of 77.3% while the latter 65.1%. In terms of the cooperation with management, investigation and treatment-taking, the urban schools reached a rate of 94.0% and the rural schools 85.5%. Conclusion The interfering activity on students ability of dealing with public emergencies is effective, and the urban schools do a better job than those in suburbs.