贵阳市中小学生注意缺陷多动障碍流行病学调查

Epidemiological Investigation of ADHD Among Elementary and Middle School Students in Guiyang

目的掌握贵阳市中小学生儿童注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的现患情况及可能的相关因素,为探寻预防和治疗儿童注意缺陷多动障碍以及促进儿童健康成长提供科学依据。方法整群抽取贵阳市中小学生3 016名为调查对象,用Conners量表(家长问卷)及自编相关因素调查表进行调查。结果中小学生ADHD初筛阳性率为2.19%,男、女生分别为3.19%和1.49%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同年龄组学生ADHD初筛阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。影响ADHD的可能相关因素为父母能否理解孩子的想法、父母婚姻关系、儿童性格等。结论应关注儿童青少年尤其是ADHD儿童的家庭环境、父母养育方式以及儿童社会心理良好适应状况。

Objective To investigate incidence and related factors of ADHD among elementary and middle school students in Guiyang, in order to provide scientific reference for prevention and cure about ADHA and promoting children grow healthily. Methods By using cluster sampling method 3 016 students in Guiyang were chosen and surveyed with Conners Parent Symptom Questionnaire （PSQ） and self-conducted related factor questionnaire. Results The positive rate of ADHD was 2.19%, and the rate of boys （ 3.19% ） was higher than girls （ 1.49% ） （ P 〈 0.05 }. Among different age group, the rate was different （P 〈0.05 ）. The possible related factors were parents understanding children＇s idea, parents marital relationship and character of children. Conclusion More attention should be paid to callan especially ADHD children about their home enviorment and parental rearing style and psychosocial adaptation status.