“防跌五步法”防范住院患者跌倒的效果

Effects of Five-step Strategy in Preventing Falls of Inpatients

目的探索"防跌五步法"在预防住院患者跌倒中的作用。方法建立并实施"防跌五步法",包括以下5个步骤:跌倒危险因素评估,防范跌倒知识及行为培训,设立醒目警示标识,防范跌倒措施的落实,跌倒处理、报告及考评。比较实施前后的跌倒发生率、跌倒损伤率及跌倒损伤投诉率。结果实施"防跌五步法"后,高危患者的跌倒发生率从1.17%下降至0.51%,损伤发生率从0.87%下降至0.43%,跌倒损伤投诉率从61.5%下降至26.7%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论"防跌五步法"是一套有效的防跌倒方案,不仅能减少跌倒和损伤的发生,而且能减少因跌倒致伤的投诉。

Objective To evaluate the effects of five-step strategy（FSS） in preventing falls of inpatients. Methods The FSS was established and implemented from 5 aspects, including fall-risk assessment, educationof fall-prevention knowledge and action, caution-sign setting, general and special fall prevention interventions,fall management and report and evaluation of falls. A comparison was conducted on fall occurrence rates,fall injury rates and complaint rates on fall injury before and after the implement of FSS. Results Compared to those before the implement of FSS,the rates of fall occurrence rates,fall injury rates and complaint rates of fall injuries decreased significantly from 1. 17%,0. 87% and 61. 5% to 0. 51%, 0.43% and 26.7%,respectively after the performance of FSS（P〈0.01 or P〈0.05）. Conclusion FSS is an effective fall-prevention strategy in reducing falls and fall injuries as well as complaints of fall injuries.