应用操作技能教学原理实施新护士急救技能的培训

Application of Teaching Principles of Operational Skills on Rescue Skills Training for New Nurses

目的应用操作技能教学原理,探讨对新护士实施急救技能培训的方法及效果。方法新护士急救技能培训项目为心肺复苏术、简易呼吸器的使用、经口鼻吸痰法和给氧法等4项。以2007年新护士32名为对照组,采用传统的以考代培的培训方法;2008年新护士33名为观察组,将操作技能的教学原理贯穿于培训全过程(包括评估新护士的起点、选择和培训带教老师、讲授操作的流程及相关知识、采用整体学习和分项学习相结合的方法示教练习、模拟急救情景、自我反馈和提供增强性反馈、考核等步骤)。比较两组新护士4项急救技能考核成绩和合格率。结果对照组和观察组心肺复苏术、简易呼吸器的使用、经口鼻吸痰法、给氧法等4项急救技能考核平均成绩以及合格率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论对新护士应用操作技能的教学原理实施急救技能培训的效果优于传统培训方法。

Objective To explore the methods and effects of the rescue skills training based on the teaching principles of operational skills for new nurses. Methods The training program comprised a series of rescuing skills of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, use of simple respirator, sputum aspiration through mouth ＆ nasal and oxygen administration. Thirty-two new nurses of 2007 were enrolled in the research as the control group trained with routine test-based training. By contrast,33 new nurses of 2008 were included in the observational group with a longitudinal training of the teaching principles of operational skills including the assessment on the primary capacities of new nurses, selection and training of nursing teachers,teaching of operational process and relevant knowledge, teaching and practicing through whole learning method and discrete-point learning method, the scene simulation of rescuing, self-feedback and enhanced feedback ＆ assessment. A comparison on the test scores and qualification rates of the 4 rescue skills training was conducted between the two groups of new nurses. Results Significant differences were observed on the average scores and qualification rates of the assessment of 4 rescue skills between the two groups（P% 0.01）. Conclusion The training effects with teaching principles of operational skills on rescue skills is superior to that of the routine one.