精神分裂症患者与其健康同胞认知功能比较

Comparison of cognitive function in schizophrenia patients versus their healthy siblings

目的比较精神分裂症患者、精神分裂症患者健康同胞及健康对照者在认知功能上的差异。方法100例精神分裂症患者(患者组)及其健康同胞100名(同胞组),以及80名正常对照者(对照组)为研究对象,采用威斯康星卡片分类测验(WCST)、Stroop色词测验(SCWT)和言语流畅性测验(VFT)来评定认知功能。比较各组在各个认知功能纬度方面差异。结果在WCST中,患者组及其同胞组的持续错误数均高于对照组(F=73.24,P<0.01);患者组持续错误数高于同胞组。在VFT中,患者组、同胞组和对照组差异无统计学意义。在SCWT,彩色文字阅读测验(Stroop-C)和彩色文字颜色阅读(Stroop-CW)测验,患者组和同胞组完成时间比对照组长(Stroop-C:F=49.20,P<0.01;Stroop-CW:F=87.72,P<0.01);患者组完成时间比同胞组长。结论精神分裂症患者及其同胞均可能存在执行功能缺陷,精神分裂症患者的执行功能障碍较其同胞更为严重。

Objective： To compare the difference of cognitive function among patients with schizophrenia, their siblings and normal controls. Methods： Cognitive function was assessed using Wisconsin card sorting test （ WCST）, Stroop color word test （SCWT） and verbal fluency test （Vf＇F） in 100 schizophrenia patients （patient group）, 100 their healthy siblings （sibling group） and 80 normal controls （normal control group）. Data was analyzed to compare the difference of each measuring scale scores among groups. Results：In WCST, number of persistent error was higher in both patient group and sibling group than in normal control group（F = 73.24,P 〈 0.01 ）. In WCST, number of persistent error was higher in patient group than in siblings group . In VFT, there was no significant difference among three groups. Individuals of patient group and sibling group performed poorer than those of normal control group on Stroop - C test and Stroop - CW test （Stroop-C：F= 49.20, P 〈 0.01; Stroop-CW：F -- 87.72, P 〈 0.01）. Patients performed worse than siblings group on Stroop- C test and Stroop- CW test（P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion：The results support that not only patients with schizophrenia, but their unaffected siblings may probably have executive function impairment.