摘要
形式语义学奠基人蒙太格在其语句系统中设置了两个初始类型:对应个体的类型e与对应真值的类型t。按照传统哲学的观点,专名指个体,但是在蒙太格的系统中,专名不直接解释成论域中的个体,它表示性质的集合,对应类型<<e,t>,t>。这样的类型匹配方式实现了专名与量化短语的统一处理,是蒙太格语法的独到之处,有着深刻的集合论基础。
Montague, the founder of Formal Semantics, fixed two basic types in his PTQ system, namely, ＂e＂ for entity and ＂t＂ for truth value. Following the view of traditional philosophy, proper names indicate individual constants, which corresponds to type e; however, in PTQ, proper names are treated as of set of properties, which are of type 〈〈e, t〉, t〉, instead of type e. Though seems unreasonable, the strategy adopted by Montague has its set theoretic origin. It is advantageous and efficient in presenting a unified treatment to proper names and quantified expressions.
关键词
蒙太格语法
类型
专名
量化短语
Montague Grammar
Type
Set Theory
Proper Name
Quantified Expression
