村镇建筑节能与遮阳技术应用调研分析

Survey on Building Energy Conservation and Shading Technology in Rural Residential Building

2009年夏季分别对上海、山东、福建3个不同气候地区的村镇居住建筑概况、建筑围护结构及建筑节能状况进行了访问调研。根据调研数据对3个地区的村镇建筑的设计布局、门窗大小、材料等随建筑年代的变化进行了分析,同时分析了各地区保温隔热与遮阳技术的应用状况及传统建筑节能技术在新建建筑中的应用。结果表明,最适合节能技术的现有村镇建筑不仅没有充分继承传统建筑的节能手段(如自然通风、光热利用、遮阳设施等),而且在一味追求宽敞、明亮的同时,忽视了建筑保温、隔热的基本要求,形成大批耗能建筑,破坏了建筑室内热环境,导致潜在建筑能耗和建筑运行费用大幅增加,村镇建筑的建设亟须专业指导。

Rural inhabitants in Shanghai, Shandong and Fujian with various temperature conditions were interviewed in summer 2009, including issues on general building design, envelop structure and energy-saving, use and shading device were discussed with them. Accord- ing to the investigated issues, the building design and layout, windows＇ size and materials selection of those rural residences in the three re- gious are analyzed with the changing of times, as well as the utilization of thermal insulation, shading and traditional energy-saving solutions for the new buildings. The result shows that the designers ignored the basic demands on thermal insulation and heat resistance, but they fa- vored wide and bright layout more. The modern rural residence doesn＇t designed by accessing the traditional energy-saving methods （including natural ventilatian, solar thermal utilization, shading device, et al）, though the rural residence is the most appropriate building choosing energy-saving technology. So, amount of energy-consumption buildings are constructed, which will result to worse indoor thermal environment and higher potential building energy use. More guidelines are needed in rural building construction.