小儿甲状舌管残留畸形的诊断及治疗

The diagnosis and treatment of thyroglossal tract remnant in children

目的:探讨小儿甲状舌管残留畸形诊治难点及处理。方法:回顾性分析我院2002年1月～2008年12月诊治小儿甲状舌管囊肿和瘘35例的临床资料,所有患儿均行手术治疗,随访1～6年。结果:男23例,女12例,就诊年龄1～12岁,平均4.3岁。其中,甲状舌管囊肿28例,甲状舌管瘘7例,均未合并吞咽困难。复发6例,均在他院行单纯囊肿或瘘管切除,或在感染期手术,未切除舌骨中段。所有患儿均经手术(Sistrunk术)得到根治。随访无病例复发。结论:Sistrunk术是小儿甲状舌管囊肿及瘘的经典标准术式,保证手术的彻底性是预防复发的关键。

Objective： To explore the difficult point and the treatment of the thyroglossal tract remnant anomaly. Methods： From January 2002 to November 2008, 35 children confirmed thyroglossal tract remnant were retrospectively analyzed. All children undergone operation and follow-up one to six years were come through. Results： There were 23 cases of male and 12 cases of female. The first complaints time was from 1 year old to 12 years old, the median age were 4.3 years old. There were 28 thyroglossal tract cyst and 7 thyroglossal tract fistula all without dysphagia. 6 cases were recurrent and performed the first operation in other different hospitals. All of them were only cysts or fistula excision without resection of the central portion of the hyoid or operations were carried out during infection. All of the 35 cases were undergone radical operation （Sistrunk procedure） and recovered uneventfully. There was no recurrence with follow-up 1-6 years. Conclusion： Sistrunk procedure is the classic and standard operation for the thyroglossal tract cyst and fistula in children, the pivotal point to prevent recurrence is the thoroughness of the operation.