森林经营外部效应内部化问题探讨

Internalization of forest managerial externalities.

森林经营外部效应的产生有其特殊性，它作为非市场交换商品，具有非可控性、难计量性以及引人关注性等多元特征。森林经营外部效应内部化问题提出的主要根源在于森林经营的价值补偿动机。探讨了森林经营外部效应内部化中的合并方式和征费补偿方式，指出了合并方式的有利性因素和征费补偿方式的本质，认为帕累托有效性、交易费用和组织成本是检验内部化方式有效或无效的主要标准。

As a non marketable goods,formation of forest managerial externalities(FME)have plural specificity:uncontrollable,hard to measure,and noticeable.For major sake of value compensation of forest management,problems of internalization of FME are posed.After patterns of mergence and levy fee for compensation in internalization of FME are discussed;favorable factor in the former pattern and essence of the latter one are pointed out;and the primary eriterias testing whether internalization are efficient should be Pareto efficient or Pareto inefficient,transaction cost and organization cost are put forward.