摘要
In recent years, a series of major earthquakes occurred, which resulted in considerable engineering damage and collapse, triggered heavy geological hazards, and caused extremely high casualties and huge property and economic loss. The earthquakes include the 1994 Northridge earthquake （M6.8）, the 1995 Kobe earthquake （M6.8）, the 1999 Izmit earthquake （M7.6）,
In recent years, a series of major earthquakes occurred, which resulted in considerable engineering damage and collapse, triggered heavy geological hazards, and caused extremely high casualties and huge property and economic loss. The earthquakes include the 1994 Northridge earthquake （M6.8）, the 1995 Kobe earthquake （M6.8）, the 1999 Izmit earthquake （M7.6）,
基金
supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.90715038)
