脊髓损伤的细胞疗法进展

Progresses in cell therapy for spinal cord injury

脊髓损伤(SCI)通常导致灾难性的神经功能障碍,是目前研究的热点之一。近年来,以干细胞为代表的细胞移植治疗在SCI中取得较大进展,本文综述了脊髓损伤的细胞疗法进展。文献显示,SCI是一个多阶段、多因素参与的病理过程,最终的解决之道可能在于采用多种方法联合的治疗策略,包括干细胞移植、减少胶质瘢痕、清除抑制分子、免疫调控及组织工程支架桥接损伤区等,而干细胞移植联合免疫学调控干预SCI是令人期待的方法之一。而如何在损伤脊髓组织营造一种有利于干细胞存活并向神经元分化的微环境,如何调控免疫干预的时效性将可能是未来研究的主要方向。

Spinal cord injury（SCI） usually results in devastating neural dysfunction, thus it has been a re- search focus for many years. In recent years,significant progresses have been achieved in cell therapy for SCI, espe- cially by strategies of neural stem cells （ NSCs ） and dendritic cells （DCs） transplantation. By reviewing literatures, itg concluded that SCI is a pathological process involving multiphases and multiple factors, and maybe its resolution de- pends on a combined therapeutic strategy,including stem cells transplantation,reduction of glial scar,clearance of in- hibitory factors,immunoregulation and bridging the lesion using tissue engineering scaffold. Nevertheless,the strategy using NSCs combined with immunoregulation may be one of the most promising approaches, and the challenges are how to transfer the inhibitory micro-environment into a more favourable one for the survival of NSCs and its differentiation to neurons, as well as to identify the optimal timing, extent and intensity of immunological intervention.