中国甜高粱茎秆制取乙醇的研究进展

Present Situation of Ethanol Production from Sweet Sorghum Stalk in China

评述了甜高粱茎秆制取乙醇的关键技术及其主要研究内容,重点分析了中国甜高粱育种及栽培、茎秆贮藏、乙醇发酵和发酵副产物综合利用的研究现状和存在的问题。研究指出,应采用现代育种技术选育高产品种,提高甜高粱生物学产量;研究并集成适合不同发酵方式的甜高粱茎秆贮藏技术,延长原料供应时间;开发高效发酵工艺及装备,提高乙醇转化率;在副产物综合利用方面,近期应以开发推广发酵蛋白饲料、纸浆、板材生产技术为主,以提高项目的经济性,远期应以开发茎秆纤维素水解转化乙醇为目标。

Key technologies and main research contents of ethanol production from sweet sorghum stalk are introduced. More specifically, current researches and existing problems including the breeding and cultivation of sweet sorghum, stalk storage, ethanol fermentation and integrated utilization of fermentation byproducts are investigated. The research indicates that the high yield sweet sorghum variety should be bred by modern breeding technology, thus increasing the biomass yield of sweet sorghum; the storage technology of sweet sorghum stem should be researched according to different fermentation technologies in order to extend the supplying time of raw material; high efficiency fermentation technology and equipment should be developed in order to increase ethanol yield; in terms of byproduct utilization, the production of protein feedstock, paper pulp, plank should be developed and extended in short term in order to increase economic benefit of the project, and ethanol production from cellulose of sweet sorghum stalk should be developed in the long run.