糖化血红蛋白测定方法及影响因素的研究进展

Glycosylated hemoglobin determination and its influencing factors

糖化血红蛋白(glycosylated hemoglobin,GHb)反映血糖控制程度,是监测糖尿病血糖控制、疗效考核的金标准。临床实验室常用的测定GHb的方法有30余种,依据反应原理不同分为2类:第一类基于GHb与非GHb的电荷不同,包括阳离子交换色谱法、电泳法、等电聚焦法等;第二类基于GHb的结构特点,包括亲和色谱法、免疫法等。本文对临床常用的检测方法及其影响因素进行综述。

Glycosylated hemoglobin （GHb） readings reflect the degree of glycemic control and provide an effective means of assessing glycemic control and therapeutic results of diabetes mellitus. There are over 30 different GHb assay methods in current use, which can be classified into two groups based on the assay principles. The first group includes cation-exchange chromatography and agar gel electrophoresis, which quantify GHb based on the charge differences between glycated and nonglyeated components. The second group includes boronate affinity chromatography and immunoassay, which separate the components based on the structural differences between glycated and nonglycated components. This review outlines the commonly used assays and the influencing factors.