上海市公立医疗单位口腔卫生人力资源调查分析

Investigation of dental manpower in public medical units in Shanghai

目的:对2007年上海市公立口腔医疗单位进行普查,分析了解2007年上海市公立医疗单位口腔卫生人数、结构、层次、分布以及设备状况和口腔门诊工作状况,探讨存在的问题,为进一步研究上海的口腔卫生人力资源提供参考,同时也为上海市达到口腔卫生人力资源的合理配置和有效利用提供参考。方法:采用问卷调查方式,对上海市所有公立口腔医疗单位进行普查。调查方式采用直接访问和电话访问。调查内容包括上海市公立医院口腔卫生人力资源的数量、结构、层次、分布、设备状况、门诊工作状况以及目前上海市公立口腔医疗单位紧缺口腔医师专业等。结果:上海市公立口腔医疗单位共有364家,三级医院26家,二级医院99家,一级医院239家;口腔医生2046人,护士634人,技工281人,椅位2010台;口腔医生的结构以初级职称、中青年、大学本科学历、口腔综合专业为主,分别占47.85%、77.17%、42.23%和68.04%,护士的结构以初级职称、中专及以下人员学历组成,占66.88%和68.45%,医生、护士、技工比为7∶2∶1;上海市公立口腔医疗单位和口腔卫生人力资源主要分布在中心城区(占41.48%),68.23%的口腔医生,79.81%的护士和82.21%的技工集中在此区域;2007年门诊量为514.65万人次,其中26.95%选择三级医院就诊;15.79%的单位认为门诊量过多,56.23%认为恰好;27.20%的单位(主要是中心城区)认为本单位缺口腔科医生。其中,66.67%的单位认为缺口腔综合医生。结论:上海市公立口腔卫生人力资源总量不少,护理人员相对不足,结构层次不合理,主要集中在中心城区和三级医疗机构,同时患者也主要选择中心城区和三级医疗机构就诊。

PURPOSE： To provide information for investigating the dental manpower of in the number, composition, distribution, equipment and out-patient departments （OPDs） in Shanghai and the reasonable allocation and utilization of the dental manpower in Shanghai. METHODS： A mass survey on dental manpower was made in public medical units in Shanghai in 2007 by means of questionnaire investigation, which included direct interview and telephone interview. The survey content included the number,structure,composition,distribution,equipment and out-patient departments of dental manpower in public medical units in Shanghai. RESULTS： There were 364 public dental medical units distributing 26 tertiary hospitals, 99 grade 2 hospitals, 239 primary hospitals with 2046 dentists, 634 nurses, 281 technicians and 2010 dental units in Shanghai. 77.17% of the dentists were young and middle-aged, 47.85% of them had primary professional tiles, 42.23% of them had university educational background and the specialty of 68.04% of the dentists was general dentistry. 66.88% of the nurses had primary professional tiles and 68.45% of the nurses’ educational background wasbelow the junior college degree. The ratio of the dentists to nurses to technicians was 7：2：1. The public dental medical therapy units and dental manpower resources were concentrated in the downtown with 41.48% of the units, 68.23% of the dentists, 79.81% of the nurses and 82.21% of the technicians there. The total amount of dental out-patient departments （DOPDs） in public medical units in Shanghai in 2006 was 5,146,536, 69.23% in the downtown, with 26.95% in the tertiary hospitals. 15.79% of the units thought the DOPDs were too many while 56.23% considered just right. Among them, 27.20% of the units mostly in the downtown thought their units needed dentists. Among them, 66.67% of the units needed general dentists. CONCLUSIONS： Dental manpower in public medical units in Shanghai is not a small amount, but nurses are relatively in shortage. At the same time, its composition and distribution are not reasonable with the public dental manpower concentrating in the downtown and tertiary hospitals. Most of the patients visit the hospitals in the downtown and tertiary hospitals for treatment.