国内外高拱坝泄洪消能布置综合分析

Comprehensive Analysis of Flood Discharging Energy Dissipation Layouts of High Arch Dams at Home and Abroad

本文总结分析了国内外８０个高拱坝（泄量Ｑ＞２０００／ｓ）的泄洪消能布置经验，提出了一种综合通用的拱坝泄洪消能布置的分类方法；经对典型工程进行分析研究认为，通过泄洪消能布置的优化，可提高坝体的泄流能力及下游水垫塘单位水体消能率的指标，以减少岸边工程或水垫塘本身的造价；结合小湾工程的分析，认为可适当提高小湾坝体及单洞的泄流能力，减少一条岸边泄洪洞。该经验总结为目前及今后高拱坝大泄量工程的泄洪消能布置设计提供可借鉴的经验。

This paper has proposed a comprehensive and common method of classifying arch dam flood discharging energy dissipation layouts on the basis of summarizing and analyzing the experiences available in making flood discharging energy dissipation layouts for more than 80 high arch dams(over 98m in height)with large discharge (over20,000/s)at home and abroad. After making analysis and study of a number of typical projects the authors are of the opinion that optimization of a flood discharging energy dissipation layout could imkprove flood discharging capacity from a dam body and per unit water body energy dissipation rate of its downstream plunge pool so as to reduce the costs of the bank protection works and the plunge pool itself. The paper believes that the folw discharging capacity of both Xiaowan dam body and single tunnel outlet can be increased appropriatley according to the analysis results of the project so that one bank-side spillway tunnel could be eliminated. The summing-up of the above experiences can be served as reference for designing flood discharging energy dissipation layouts for high arch dams and large discharges.