水酶法同时提取核桃仁油脂及水解蛋白的工艺研究

The study on aqueous enzymatic extraction process of walnut oil and walnut protein hydrolysates

本试验主要研究了水酶法提取核桃油的酶解工艺。试验首先对α-淀粉酶、中性蛋白酶、以及淀粉酶与中性蛋白酶组成的复合酶的酶解效果进行了比较,确定中性蛋白酶的酶解效果最佳。在确定中性蛋白酶的作用下,研究了酶解温度、pH、酶的添加量、固液比对油脂提取率的影响。最后通过正交试验得出水酶法提取核桃油脂的最佳工艺条件为:酶解温度60℃,蛋白酶添加量为1.5%(m/m),酶解pH为6.0,料液比1∶4,核桃的油脂提取率可达到34.0%,各因素对油脂提取率的影响主次顺序为:固液比>酶解pH>酶解温度>酶的添加量。在油脂提取的最佳工艺条件下,核桃水解蛋白的提取率可达12.37%。

The process of extraction of walnut oil by aqueous enzymatic method was studied.First,the comparison of the enzymolysis levels among α-amylase,neutral-protease and Complex Phosphoesterasum was analyzed.The results showed that the neutral-protease was the best enzyme.Second,the influences of temperature,pH,the enzymes addition and the ratio of solid to liquid on the free oil yield with neutral-protease were investigated.By orthogonal experiment,the result showed that the optimum hydrolysis conditions were as follows：enzymatic hydrolysis temperature 60℃,protease addition was 1.5%（m/m）,pH 6.0 and ratio of solid to liquid was 1 ∶4.Under these conditions the free oil yield was 34.0%.The sequencing of primary and secondary influence of the free oil yield was： ratio of solid to liquid pHenzymolysis temperature protease content.The walnut protolysate yield was 12.37% under this optimal conditions.