CO_2减排、处理技术的量化讨论与分类评价

Discussion on Quantification of CO_2 Emission Reduction and Treatment Technologies and Classification Assessment

全球变暖的主要原因是由于大量温室气体排放导致了温室效应,而温室气体的主要组成部分就是CO2。Q1为人类对环境的最低要求值所对应的CO2总量,当大气中的CO2总量大于Q1时,表示环境已不适合人类居住和发展。大气中CO2总量随时间变化的峰值Q2必须远小于Q1,否则CO2排放对人类社会构成的危险性依然很大。在假设能源消耗全部用于GDP的增长,所有能量只分为碳能量和氢能量两部分,对CO2技术的资金投入由P1、P2、P3三部分组成的基础上,引入与CO2变化相关的量化关系式。根据关系式,可以通过提高能源利用效率、减少能源浪费、发展可再生能源和替代能源、改变能源结构来降低单位GDP的CO2排放量。发达国家应将技术资金投入的重点放在发展可再生能源与CO2捕集和储存技术方面,而发展中国家投资的重点应放在提高能源利用效率方面。CO2减排和净化处理技术可分为降低单位GDP的CO2排放量、CO2的暂时储存和CO2的永久固化3个方面。我国现阶段应加大提高能源利用效率和增加清洁能源比例的投入;从长远来看,应加大对CO2捕集和储存技术的投入,特别是实现永久性储存。

The main cause of global warming is that the emission of large amounts of greenhouse gases led to greenhouse effect.The main component of greenhouse gases is CO2.Q1 is the total amount of CO2 corresponding to the minimum value required by human being on the environment.When the total amount of CO2 is greater than Q1,it means the total amount of CO2 in environment has been unsuitable for human inhabitation.The peak value of the atmosphere which varies with time must be much lower than Q1;otherwise the emission of CO2 would still pose a great threat to the human society.Based on the assumptions that all energy consumed was used to grow GDP,any energy source falls into one of the two groups ：carbon energy and hydrogen energy,and the capital investment in CO2 technology consists of P1,P2 and P3,this article introduces a quantitative relational expression related to CO2 change.According to this relational expression,CO2 emission in relation to GDP can be reduced by raising energy effficiency,reducing energy dissipation ,developing renewable and alternative energy and adjusting the country＇s energy mix.For developed countries,the ma- jority of technologies and funds for reducing CO2 emissions should be used to support the development of renewable energy and CO2 capture and sequestration technologies,while for developing countries the majority of investment should be used to raise energy efficiency.CO2 emission reduction and purification technologies include those for reducing CO2 emissions in relation to GDP,for temporarily storing CO2 and those for permanenfly solidifying CO2.In the current stage,China should increase its investment in raising energy efficiency and the use of clean energy.In the long term,China should also increase its investment in CO2 capture and sequestration technologies,particularly those for permanently storing CO2.