重大投毒事件的现场毒物快速检测方法的应用与评价

Application and Evaluation of Rapid Detection Method of Poisons during Poisoning Event

[目的]为食物中毒事件快速筛查可疑中毒因素,建立在现场快速检测分析方法。[方法]采集中毒患者呕吐物、食用过的剩余食品及使用中的食品、调料等,现场进行亚硝酸盐、毒鼠强、氟乙酰胺、敌鼠钠、安妥、氰化物、砷和汞的快速检测,对检出的中毒物质再用盐酸萘乙二胺法进行验证和定量分析。[结果]现场快速检测20份样品,其中7份呕吐物和1份浸泡的红薯粉中亚硝酸盐强阳性,其他毒物、其他标本检测均为阴性;实验室亚硝酸盐定性试验,与现场快速检测结果完全一致;定量检测结果,亚硝酸盐含量(mg/kg),6份呕吐物分别为2 890、208、504、468、12.2、870,另一份因样品量不足未检测;浸泡的红薯粉为4 075;其他样品<1或<2。[结论]现场快速检测分析方法简便、快速,结果准确、可靠。

[Objective]To establish a rapid detection one analysis method,in order to rapidly screen suspected factors of food poisoning during food poisoning event on-the-spot.[Methods]Food samples or vomit, remaining food, food and spices in use were collected from poisoning patients. On-site rapid actection of nitrite, tetramine, fluoroacetamide, diphacin, antuo. cyanide.arsenic and mercury was conducted. The detected toxie substances were idcntificd and analyzed quantitatively with hydrochloric acid napht,halene ethyienediamine method. [Results]20 samples were tested on-the-spot,of which 7 samples of vomits and 1 sample of sweet potato vermicell were positive for nitrite. Other samples were all negative for the other toxic substances. Thc result of qualitative nitrite test in laboratory was as the same as the result of rapid detection on-the spot. The content of nitrite was 2 890,208,504,468,12.2 and 870 mg/kg respectively in 6 samples of vomits after quantitative test. The content of nitrite was 4 075 mg/kg in 1 sweet potato vermicelli sample,the other samples were 〈 1 or 〈2 mg/kg. [Conclusion]On-site rapid detect/on and analysis method is simple, rapid,accurate and reliable.