2004～2008年大连市乙型肝炎与麻疹流行特征分析

Epidemiological Analysis of Hepatitis B and Measles in Dalian City from 2004 to 2008

摘要：[目的]了解2004-2008年大连市主要免疫可预防疾病流行特征，为今后防治工作提供决策依据。[方法]对2004-2008年大连市乙肝、麻疹疫情资料进行分析。[结果]2008年与2004年比较，乙肝发病率明显下降（P〈0．01）；麻疹发病率2005年有所回升，2006年以后逐年下降（P〈0．01）。2004～2008年城区、郊区、农村乙肝年均发病率分别为20．16／10万、34．60／10万、18．36／10万，麻疹年均发病率分别为0．86／10万、2．63／10万、0．37／10万（P〈0．01）。麻疹发病数，第2季度占81．35％。男性、女性年均发病率，乙肝分别为33．88／10万、12．30／10万（P〈0．01）．麻疹分别为1．13／10万、1．06／10万（P〉0．05）；乙肝年均发病率20～44岁最高，麻疹年均发病率〈1岁最高。[结论]2004～2008年大连市乙肝、麻疹发病率呈明显下降趋势。

[Objective]To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of vaccine-preventable diseases from 2004 to 2008 in Dalian city so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention of the diseases. [Methods]Epidemic data of hepatitis B and measles in Dalian city from 2004 to 2008 were analyzed. [Results]The incidence of hepatitis B in 2008 decreased obviously compared with 2004. The incidence of measles in 2005 increased than that in 2004 with a decrease yearly after 2006（ P 0.01）. The average incidence of hepatitis B in urban, suburbs and rural areas was 20.16/100 000,34.60/100 000 and 18.36/100 000 respectively,and the average incidence of measles was 0.86/100 000,2.63/100 000 and 0.37/100 000 respectively （ P 〈 0.01）. The incidence of measles mainly involved in second quarter, accounting for 81.35 % of the total. The average incidence of hepatitis B in male and female was 33.88/100 000 and 12.30/100 000（ P d0.01） ,and the average incidence of measles in male and female was 1. 13/100 000 and 1.06/100 000（ P 〉0. 05）. The highest incidence of hepatitis B was reported in the people aged from 20 to 44,and the highest incidence of measles was reported in children aged under 1. [Conclusion]The incidence of hepatitis B and measles decreased obviously from 2004 to 2008 in Dalian city.