偏凸山羊草与硬粒小麦杂种育性形成途径的细胞学观察

Fertility and cytological observation on hybird between Aegilops ventricosa(DDMM, 2n=28) and Triticum durum(AABB,2n=28)

偏凸山羊草与硬粒小麦间具有较好的可杂交性，并且杂种F1即表现有一定的可育性。减数分裂观察表明：在杂种F1的部分花粉母细胞（PMC）中，第一次分裂基本上是单价体的不均衡分离，并形成大小不均的二分体；第二次分裂完全是染色单体的分离，形成二大二小的四分体。其中二个大的四分孢子如果具有较多的整套染色体，则可发育成可育的雌配子或雄配子，它们相互结合导致杂种的部分育性。

The crossibility between Aegilops ventricosa and Triticum durum was proved high, and the obtained F1 hybrid was partially fertile. The results of cytological observation pointed out that the univalents divided unequationally at the first meiotic division in some PMCs, resulting in the formation of asymmetrical dyads; then with the chromatids dividing equationally, a normal second division of the dyads followed to produce a tetrad with two big microspores which had several whole genomes and matured into functional female or male gametes, and two small ones which steriled.