北京市青年学生社会性别意识及对性行为的影响

Gender consciousness and its effects on sexual behavior among young students in Beijing

目的了解北京市青年学生社会性别意识的现状及对婚前性行为发生的影响。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法对北京市6所学校2738名高中生和大学生进行匿名自填式问卷调查,分析青年学生社会性别意识的现状及对婚前性行为的影响。结果对社会性别意识的各道题目赋分,并求总体的平均分,得分越接近于1性别意识越趋向男女平等方面,越接近于0越趋向于男女不平等,其中总体平均分为0.394,男生和女生分别为0.302和0.445,高中生和大学生分别为0.362和0.420;性行为的发生率总体为11.9%,其中男生和女生分别为19.2%和7.7%,高中生和大学生分别为13.8%和10.3%;社会性别意识与性行为发生存在统计学关联(P<0.01),而与第一次发生时是哪方主动提出和是否采取避孕措施均没有统计学关联(P>0.05)。结论青年学生仍倾向于认同"男强女弱"的传统社会性别意识,且社会性别观念是青年学生发生婚前性行为的影响因素之一。在青年群体中树立男女平等的性别意识具有重要意义,这需要社会、学校和家庭的共同努力。

Objective To exposure the gender consciousness and its effects on premarital sexual behavior among young students in Beijing. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 2738 students in selected 6 senior high schools and colleges in Beijing with self-administered anonymous questionnaire, they were sampled by stratified clustering random. The students＇ gender consciousness and its effects on premarital sexual behaviors would be analyzed in the paper. Results The questions about gender consciousness were scored and averaged at first, if the average score was close to 1, it meant the gender consciousness was tent to ＂equality of men and women＂ , if close to 0, it tent to ＂inequality of men and women＂ . The total score of all the students that surveyed was 0. 394, boys, girls, senior high school students and university students were 0. 302, 0.445, 0.362 and 0.420 respectively; and their rates of sexual behavior were 19. 2%, 7. 7%, 13.8% and 10. 3% respectively, with the total rate 11.9% ; gender consciousness had statistical correlation with the occurrence of sexual behavior （ P 〈 0. 01 ） and had no statistical correlation with ＂who make requests of sex＂ and ＂use contraceptive measures or not＂ at first sexual behavior （P 〉 0. 05）. Conclusion The students were more likely to keep the traditional gender consciousness of ＂inequality of men and women＂, and the gender the factors influencing premarital sexual behaviors. There is great significance of establishing the gender was one of ＂equality of men and women＂ among the young students, and the joint efforts of the society, school and family are needed to achieve the goal.