妊娠期糖尿病发病的相关因素

Incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus related factors

妊娠期糖尿病（gestational diabetes mellitus，GDM）为妊娠前糖代谢正常或有潜在糖耐量减退，妊娠期才出现或发现糖尿病。糖尿病孕妇中80％以上为GDM，GDM发病率世界各国报道1％～14％。我国发病率1％～5％，近年有明显增长趋势。GDM患者糖代谢多数于产后能恢复正常，但将来患2型糖尿病机会增加。对母儿均有较大危害。故应引起重视，其发病相关因素有：胰岛素抵抗、胰岛素分泌缺陷、自身的免疫遗传因素、其它因素如孕妇饮食及慢性炎症等。

Gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM） is a special type of diabetes mellitus, only in the gestation period, which is diagnosised, which has, before the pregnancy, sugar metabolism normal or has the latent sugar tolerance to drop. In diabetes pregnant woman above 80% is GDM. GDM disease incidence rate, in various countries, reports 1% - 14%. In china, disease incidence rate of GDM is 1% -5%, and, in recent years, has the obvious growth trend. GDM patient sugar metabolism in post-natal can restore most normally, but the future risk of type 2 diabetes will increase. GDM harms greatly to the mothers and infants. Therefore we should Value. Its morbidity correlation factor includes ： Insulin resistance, insulin secretion flaw, own immunity hereditary factors, other factor like pregnant woman diet and chronic inflammation and so on.