户籍改革进程的障碍:基于城市落户门槛的分析

The Barrier of Hukou Reform:An Analysis of the Qualifications for the Urban Hukou

文章通过落户门槛的比较,探讨城市落户改革进程的障碍在不同城市之间存在着哪些共性和差异,以及落户改革障碍产生的大环境。作者在盘点中央与地方政府市场化改革以来所实施的户籍新政的基础上,构造落户门槛指数检视城市户籍制度改革的进取和限度。研究结果表明,全国范围内城市落户门槛存在着"质"的共性但有"度"的差别,以落户条件为圆心的城市户籍现有改革,是以公共资源配置考虑、发展资源争夺为核心的地方利益博弈。

Since the economic reform the power to stipulate the qualifications for the urban household registration (hukou) has been decentralized to city governments. To see the locally designated criteria of urban hukou is a key to understand howthe reform of the hukou system proceeds. This paper makes a comparative analysis of the similarities and differences in the urban-entry qualifications set by city governments. The paper first reviews new policies pertaining to the hukou system to elucidate the basic trend of urban hukou reform. It then adopts a projection pursuit model to construct the urban extra-qualification index to investigate the progress of urban hukou reform across cities. Based on the analysis,we argue that the current urban hukou reform is no more than a local interest game which centers on the allocation as well as competition of public resources.