利玛窦对儒家本原思想之批判及其矛盾——以《天主实义》为例

Matteo Ricci's Critique of the Confucian "Benyuan" Thoughts and Its Contradiction——A Case Study of Tian Zhu Shi Yi

利玛窦以其敏锐的眼光,看到了儒家思想中作为本原的"太极"或"气"的局限性。在此基础上,他论证了"天主"的超越性和真原性。得出这一结论时,利玛窦主要使用和发挥了亚里士多德的实体理论与基督教的创世观念。但是亚里士多德实体理论存在唯物唯心之间的矛盾,而创世观念也存在矛盾,这使利玛窦在批判儒家本原思想时也陷入了矛盾。

With sharp eyes, Matteo Ricci saw the limitations of Taiji or Qi thoughts of Confucianism. On this basis, Matteo Ricci discussed the transcendence and origin of God. To draw this conclusion, Matteo Ricei used and developed the Shiti thought of Aristotle and the Catholic unique idea of Genesis. But the Shiti thought and the Genesis idea both had contradictions which made Matteo Ricci fall in paradox in his criticism of Confucianism.