碘对樱桃番茄开花结果和产量的影响

Effect of Iodine on Flowering,Bearing and Yield of Cherry Tomato

在深液流水培的营养液中添加不同浓度的碘离子(I-)作为处理,研究碘对樱桃番茄开花结果和产量的影响。结果表明:碘处理的植株第3～5花序的着生节位分别比对照低2～3个节位;2.0mg.L-1碘处理和高浓度(5.0～6.0mg.L-1)碘处理的果实比对照提前5～8d成熟;1.0～4.0mg.L-1碘处理的坐果率与对照均无显著差异,而高浓度(5.0～6.0mg.L-1)碘处理的坐果率显著低于对照;低浓度(1.0～2.0mg.L-1)碘处理的花数、果数和产量均显著高于对照,而高浓度(5.0～6.0mg.L-1)碘处理的产量则显著低于对照;单果质量随着碘处理浓度的增高而降低,但是1.0～3.0mg.L-1碘处理与对照差异不显著。综合以上结果,在樱桃番茄栽培上以1.0～2.0mg.L-1的碘离子供给浓度最适宜。

In controlled condition of deep flow hydroponics,the experiment studied the effect of iodine on flowering,bearing and yield of cherry tomato（Lycopersicon esculentum var.cerasiforme）treated with solutions of different iodide（I-）concentrations.After I- treatments,the node order of inflorescence,from the 3rd to the 5th,was 2-3 nodes lower than that of the CK.The fruit of plants treated in solutions with I- concentration of 2.0 mg·L-1 and high I- concentration（5.0-6.0 mg·L-1）ripened 5-8 days ahead of the CK.With respect to fruit setting rate,there was no significant difference between those plants treated with I- concentration of 1.0-4.0 mg·L-1 and the CK;but for plants treated with high I- concentration（5.0-6.0 mg·L-1）,it was significantly lower than the CK.The flower number,fruit number and yield with low I- concentration treatment（1.0-2.0 mg·L-1）were significantly larger than the CK,while the yield of plants treated with high I- concentration（5.0-6.0 mg·L-1）was significantly lower than the CK.Fruit weight decreased with the increase of I- concentration in solutions,but there was no significant difference between those treated with I- concentration of 1.0-3.0 mg·L-1 and the CK.To summarize these results,it can be concluded that the optimal I- concentration provided for cherry tomato growth should be 1.0-2.0 mg·L-1.