分根交替灌溉技术的研究进展与展望

Research Progress and Prospect on Alternative Irrigation Technology of Divided Root

综述了交替灌溉技术产生的背景、操作方式、应用效果和节水机理,并对该技术在未来的研究重点进行了展望。交替灌溉技术具有提高作物水分利用效率、改善产品品质的作用;有利于创造提高作物水分利用效率的根系系统,在光合速率降低很小的情况下显著降低蒸腾速率,可通过挖掘作物的生化调节机能提高抗旱性和水分利用效率;有利于提高水分补偿效应和养分利用效率、降低无效蒸发和渗漏。该技术未来的重点研究方向包括交替灌溉对作物生育进程的调控作用和机理、交替灌溉在间套复合群体、密植类作物中的集成应用和机理等。

This paper expounds the alternative irrigation technology about its emerging background,operation modes,application efficiency and water-saving mechanism,and prospects the key research fields of this technology in the future.Alternative irrigation technology can significantly increase the water use efficiency（WUE） of crops,improve the quality of products,create a special root system favorable for improving crop WUE,and remarkably reduce evaporation speed under minor decrease of photosynthesis speed.This technology can also optimize the biochemical adjusting organism to drought resistance and improve WUE,and is favorable for improving moisture compensation and nutrients utilization efficiency,and decrease useless evaporation and leakage.The main research orientation in the future will include the adjusting role and mechanism of alternative irrigation to crop procreating process,the integrated application and mechanism of this technology in intercropping and high density planting.