住院单、双胎早产儿出生情况及疾病构成的比较

Comparison of Circumstances of birth and disease' Composition between single and twin hospitalized preterm infants

目的:比较住院单、双胎早产儿的出生与患病情况,为降低早产儿死亡率、提高优生率提供依据。方法:对487例住院早产儿的资料进行回顾性分析。结果:单、双胎早产儿早产原因均以胎膜早破与宫内窘迫为主,母亲孕期高危因素均以妊高症、肝内胆汁淤积为主,单胎与双胎早产儿的合并症均为高胆红素血症、窒息、新生儿肺透明膜病、肺炎、先天性心脏病、低血糖症、败血症、低蛋白血症、肺出血、颅内出血、低钙血症等,其中双胎早产儿低蛋白血症的发病率明显高于单胎早产儿,差异有统计学意义。第1胎的肺炎的发生率高于第2胎,差异有统计学意义。结论:应加强孕期保健,做好产前检查,预防早产发生。有早产迹象,做好窒息复苏准备,减少围生期发病率。对超早产及极低出生体重患儿应延长住院时间,以降低围生期死亡率。

Objective： To compare to the Circumstances of birth and disease＇s Composition between single and tiwn premature infants, in order to reduce the premature infants mortality and improve the eugenic rate. Methods： 487 cases of hospitalized premature infantsCtata were analyzed retrospectively. Results： Premature rupture of membranes and fetal distress are the main risk factors for the single, twin preterm infants. pregnancy - induced hypertension and intrahepatie eholestasis are the high risk factors for mothers during pregnancy. Single and twin preterm infants＇complications in neonatal period were hyperbilirubinemia, asphyxia, neonatal hyaline membrane disease, pneumonia, congenital heart dis- ease, hypoglycemia, sepsis, hypoalbuminemia, pulmonary hemorrhage, intracranial hemorrhage, hypocalcemia, etc. The incidence of hypoproteinemia in twins preterm infants were significantly higher than the incidence of single preterm infants, the difference was statistically significant. The incidence of pneumonia in the first preterm infant of twin is higher than the seeond~, there was significant difference for this. Conclusion： We should enhance prenatal care to prevent premature delivery. To make Preparations for asphyxia of perinatal and its resuscitatiori for having sign of early labor to reduce perinatal morbidity. Very - low - birth - weight children and extremity preterm infants should be extended hospitalization time,in order to reduce perinatal mortality.