一种直流永磁电机温升模型的验证与研究

Validation of a Temperature Rise Model of DC Permanent Magnet Motor

电机损耗不仅会使电机效率降低,而且会使电机发热,电机各部件温度高于环境温度的差值,被称为电机的温升。电机的损耗越大,发热越快,温升越高,进而加速电机的绝缘老化损坏,降低电机的使用寿命。因此,对电机进行温升预测显得尤为重要。本文研究了一种直流永磁电机温升模型,该模型中提出温升与电机运行时间呈指数函数关系。根据电机温升公式,拟合出电机温升曲线,并通过与电机碳刷部位实测温升曲线的对比,验证了该电机温升模型的准确性,从而可将该模型应用于电机温升的实时监测。由于车窗升降电机属于反复短时工作电机,本文着重研究了短时工作制下电机的升温与降温模型,通过升温降温曲线的拟合来实时监测电机的温升。

Since the energy loss of a motor not only reduces its efficiency, but also leads to temperature rise in the motor, as represented by the difference between the motor temperature and the ambient temperature. The temperature rise will accelerate the aging and damage of the motor insulation component and reduce the life of the motor. Therefore, the prediction of the motor temperature rise is very important. In this paper, a temperature rise model for DC permanent magnet motors is proposed, where an exponential relation is assumed between the temperature rise and the time. The motor temperature rise curve is obtained by fitting the relation with the measured data, and compared with the measured temperature rise curve in the carbon brush of the motor, which verifies the accuracy of the fitting temperature rise curve. This model can be applied to monitor the motor real-time temperature rise. As the window lift motor works as a repeated short-term motor, this paper studies the short-term working system with the motor heating and cooling model.