西双版纳僾尼人的丧葬等级制及其变迁

The Ainis' Burial Hierarchy in Xishuangbanna and Its Transformation

西双版纳僾尼人历史上曾实行严格的丧葬等级制。其丧葬等级,并非由死者生前的品行、功德、地位、财富等社会因素决定,而主要与死者死亡的地点、死亡的方式、成年与否、结婚与否、特别是有无子嗣等诸多所谓的"完人"因素相关。这一制度目前虽有不同程度的遗存,但很多方面已发生流变。僾尼人丧葬等级制及其变迁,为深入认识人类的丧葬文化史提供了独特案例。

The Aini people had a strict burial hierarchy in history. The rank of the funeral was not concern the character,merit,position,wealthy of a person but standard of a Whole-Person (完人) that includes the place where a person died,way how a person died,that whether someone are adult,whether had married,especially whether had any descendant. Today,we can see some remains of the system. But the Aini people's funeral custom has changed a lot. It is a unique case for the studies about funeral culture and history.