《八十二种苗图并说》的成书年代考证--以余上泗《蛮峒竹枝词》为研究文本

An Examine about the Time of Completion of Illustration and Caption of 82 kinds of Miaos:From the Exploration of Mandong Zhuzhice by Yu Shangsi

《八十二种苗图并说》成书年代至今争议较大,但多数主张成于嘉庆时期。该书作者和研究者都认为,白仲家、车寨苗、鸦雀苗、黑脚苗、郎慈苗和六洞夷人等族称,为《百苗图》首次启用的称谓。事实上,这些族称在乾隆时期余上泗《蛮峒竹枝词》中已出现,且其所述内容与《八十二种苗图并说》十分相近。这足以说明《八十二种苗图并说》中所发现的新族称是在乾隆时期启用的。《八十二种苗图并说》当成书于乾隆中期。

Bashier Zhong Miao Tu Bing Shuo,literally,Illustration and Caption of 82 kinds of Miaos,is a collection of the illustration of Baimiao (various Miaos) by Chen Hao. There are many controversies about its completion time. Many researchers argue that the time is the era of Jiaqing. Chen Hao and researchers said the names of Baizhongjia,Chezhaimiao,Yaquemiao,Heijiaomiao,Langcimiao and Liudongyiren appear first in the book. Actually,they have appeared in Mandong Zhuzhice (literally,the songs of barbarian) by Yu Shangsi. And the explanation about them is same as that in the Illustration and Caption of 82 kinds of Miaos. it is a powerful evidence for the argument that the names appeared in the period of Qianlong. So the Illustration and Caption of 82 kinds of Miaos. is very likely to be complete in the period of middle Qianlong.