基于频域法的转向架构架动应力谱仿真研究

Simulation of bogie frame's stress PSD based on frequency domain method

采用多体系统动力学仿真软件SIMPACK建立完整的机车车辆系统动力学模型,通过线性分析,得到作用于构架上的载荷谱;利用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立详细的构架有限元模型并求解其各阶固有频率和振型,同时确定危险点所在位置。然后进行谐响应分析得到危险点应力载荷间的传递函数;最后通过作用于构架上的载荷谱与传递函数叠加得到危险点的输出应力谱。该研究方法能有效地运用于构架结构设计阶段——获得其应力谱,为在频域中对构架的疲劳寿命作出评估奠定了基础。该仿真技术同样适用于其他相关研究领域,如航空航天、工程机械和公路车辆等。

Firstly,based on the Multi-Body System(MBS)simulation,the dynamic model of the complete locomotive and rolling stock system was established with the SIMPACK software,and the PSD of load acting on the bogie frame was evaluated by applying the linear analysis technique.Secondly,with the ANSYS software,the FEM model of the bogie frame was established,the natural frequencies and mode shapes were calculated using the modal analysis technique,and the position of dangerous points could be determined.Then the harmonic tress analysis method was used to obtain the transfer function.Thirdly,the stress PSD of dangerous points could be predicted by superposition of the load PSD and the transfer function.This simulation method is very useful to obtain the stress PSD and establishes the foundation for evaluating the fatigue life in the frequency domain.It can also be fully used in other mechanical research fields such as aeronautic machines,engineering mechanism and road vehicles.